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How to become a Geologist / Earth Scientist

Studies rocks, minerals and the earth - key to mining and the environment.

What does a Geologist / Earth Scientist actually do?

More about this career

Studies rocks, minerals and the structure of the earth – crucial for finding and safely extracting mineral resources, and for understanding natural hazards. Most jobs are in mining and exploration companies, with fieldwork (sometimes remote, physically demanding sites) a real part of the job, especially early on.

Where this degree can take you

  • Exploration Geologist
  • Hydrogeologist
  • Mining Geologist
  • Environmental Geologist

This is our general description of the role and related jobs, not from an official source – it’s here to give you a fuller picture, not as a careers-counselling guarantee.

Not from an official source

Subjects that usually help

  • Mathematics
  • Physical Sciences
  • Geography (helpful)

This is our general guidance about which school subjects suit this career. It is not an admission requirement and not from an official source – the real requirements are on the degrees below.

Not from an official source

Where to check this yourself

What the programmes we’ve captured actually ask for

  • Mathematics – asked for by 20 of 20 programmes
  • Physical Sciences – asked for by 19 of 20 programmes
  • Life Sciences – asked for by 6 of 20 programmes
  • Technical Mathematics – asked for by 2 of 20 programmes
  • Agricultural Sciences – asked for by 1 of 20 programmes
  • Technical Sciences – asked for by 1 of 20 programmes

Counted from the requirements below (an “or” alternative counts for each subject named). Each programme links to the page it came from.

Programmes that lead here

20 programmes at 15 universities. More are added as we verify them.

Nelson Mandela University

BSc (Geosciences)

Science · 3 years

NMU Applicant Score (AS) 410 out of 600

  • Mathematics: 60%

Raw-read 2026-10-04 from the user-supplied NMU "Undergraduate Programmes 2027" Z-Card (A-Z table of Applicant Scores and subject percentages). Extended Curriculum (4 years): AS 370, Mathematics 50%.

Source: View the official page (mandela.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

North-West University

BSc in Environmental Sciences: Geology streams (Chemistry & Geology, Geology & Geography, Geology & Botany)

Natural & Agricultural Sciences · 3 years

NWU APS 26 points out of 48

  • Mathematics: level 4 (50% or more) OR Technical Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Raw-confirmed 2026-10-04 against the user-supplied NWU 2026 Faculty of Natural & Agricultural Sciences yearbook (admission-requirements tables). Potchefstroom campus. NWU adds your six best subjects (excluding Life Orientation) on an 8-point scale, for a total out of 48 - read from NWU’s own APS calculator. The requirement shown is what NWU publishes.

Source: View the official page (studies.nwu.ac.za) (opens the official page)

Rhodes University

BSc (Geology)

Science · 3 years

Rhodes points 45 points

  • English: 60% if it is your Home Language, 65% if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 5 (60% or more) OR Life Sciences: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Life Orientation: level 4 (50% or more)

Raw-confirmed 2026-10-04 against the Rhodes 2026 Undergraduate Prospectus (pages 13-19): points bands, English and subject levels match. Rhodes points of 39-44 are considered at the Dean’s discretion; 45 or more receives a provisional offer. We show 45 as the qualifying number so that "you qualify" means exactly that - but you are still worth an application from 39. Rhodes has no Engineering and no MBChB. The NBT is recommended, not required. This is Rhodes’ general Faculty of Science admission requirement, not a Geology-specific published figure - you are admitted to the BSc and choose your major once you arrive. Life Orientation is not scored, but you need at least 50% in it.

Source: View the official page (ru.ac.za) (opens the official page)

Sol Plaatje University

From an older document

BSc Physical Sciences (Geology)

Natural & Applied Sciences · 3 years

SPU APS 30

  • English: level 4 (50% or more) OR English: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Mathematics: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Life Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Raw-confirmed 2026-10-04 against SPU’s own 2026 Undergraduate Prospectus (the 2027 edition is only published as an online viewer that could not be read) - APS and levels match; confirm the 2027 prospectus before relying on a cut-off. From SPU’s Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences programme page. We could not confirm the 2027 application closing date (only a stale 2021 date was found on SPU’s applications page).

Source: View the official page (spu.ac.za) (opens the official page)

Stellenbosch University

Selection programme

BSc Earth Science

Science · 3 years

Stellenbosch aggregate 65 %

  • Mathematics: 60%
  • Physical Sciences: 50%

Every Stellenbosch programme is a selection programme. The figures shown are the published minimum requirements - the actual selection threshold is usually higher. Mathematics of 60% or 70% is required depending on which first-year Mathematics module you take.

Source: View the official page (files.su.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

Tshwane University of Technology

Diploma in Geology

Science · 3 years

TUT APS 21 points

  • English: level 4 if it is your Home Language, level 4 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 4 (50% or more) OR Technical Mathematics: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more) OR Technical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Raw-confirmed 2026-10-04 against TUT’s 2026 faculty prospectus: APS and subject levels match. New row, from the user-supplied Science Faculty Prospectus (qualification code DPGE26, the current one - an older DPGE19 code is being phased out). Applicants scoring 21-23 take an academic proficiency test (worth 20% of the final admission score); 24+ is admitted directly. From TUT’s 2027 First-Year Course Information and General Information PDFs. Applications opened 1 April 2026 (fee R240).

Source: View the official page (tut.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

University of Cape Town

BSc Geology

Science · 3 years

UCT Science Faculty Points Score 660 out of 800 (band a)

  • Mathematics: 70%
  • Physical Sciences: 60%

Band A (guaranteed offer) is an FPS of 660. Band B (likely offer) is a WPS of 640 - the WPS adds a 0-10% disadvantage factor that we cannot work out from your marks, so we only check you against Band A. Band C (550) applies to redress categories only. All Science majors share these entry bands (Mathematics 70%+, Physical Sciences 60%+; NBTs in Mathematics, AL and QL must be written but do not affect admission). Admission is to the BSc and a major is chosen once you are in; selected students may be counselled onto the four-year Extended Degree Programme.

Source: View the official page (uct.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

University of Johannesburg

BSc (Geology and Environmental Management)

Science · 3 years

UJ APS 30 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Life Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Read from the 2027 UJ Undergraduate Prospectus, programme code B2L24Q. Physical Science level 4 (50%+), or 5 (60%+) when Chemistry 1A or Physics 1A/S1 is part of the programme. English level 5 (60%+). Technical Mathematics and Technical Science are not accepted for Faculty of Science degrees.

Source: View the official page (uj.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

BSc (Geology and Geography)

Science · 3 years

UJ APS 30 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Life Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Read from the 2027 UJ Undergraduate Prospectus, programme code B2L25Q. Physical Science level 4 (50%+), or 5 (60%+) when Chemistry 1A or Physics 1A/S1 is part of the programme. English level 5 (60%+). Technical Mathematics and Technical Science are not accepted for Faculty of Science degrees.

Source: View the official page (uj.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

BSc (Geology and Chemistry)

Science · 3 years

UJ APS 31 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 6 (70% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Life Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Read from the 2027 UJ Undergraduate Prospectus, programme code B2P81Q. Physical Science level 4 (50%+), or 5 (60%+) when Chemistry 1A or Physics 1A/S1 is part of the programme. English level 5 (60%+). Technical Mathematics and Technical Science are not accepted for Faculty of Science degrees.

Source: View the official page (uj.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

BSc (Geology and Mathematics)

Science · 3 years

UJ APS 31 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 6 (70% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Read from the 2027 UJ Undergraduate Prospectus, programme code B2P82Q. Physical Science level 4 (50%+), or 5 (60%+) when Chemistry 1A or Physics 1A/S1 is part of the programme. English level 5 (60%+). Technical Mathematics and Technical Science are not accepted for Faculty of Science degrees.

Source: View the official page (uj.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

BSc (Geology and Physics)

Science · 3 years

UJ APS 31 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 6 (70% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Read from the 2027 UJ Undergraduate Prospectus, programme code B2P83Q. Physical Science level 4 (50%+), or 5 (60%+) when Chemistry 1A or Physics 1A/S1 is part of the programme. English level 5 (60%+). Technical Mathematics and Technical Science are not accepted for Faculty of Science degrees.

Source: View the official page (uj.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

University of KwaZulu-Natal

From an older document

BSc Geological Science

Agriculture, Engineering & Science · 3 years

UKZN APS 30 points out of 48

  • English: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Life Orientation: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Agricultural Sciences: level 4 (50% or more) OR Life Sciences: level 4 (50% or more) OR Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Read 2026-10-04 from the table in the Study@UKZN 2026 brochure (CAO code KN-W-BSG); published APS range 48-30. This comes from the Study@UKZN 2026 brochure, the most recent official source we could find. UKZN had not published a 2027 table when we checked, so treat these as 2026 figures pending a 2027 update. Applications go through the CAO.

Source: View the official page (studyatukzn.ukzn.ac.za) (opens the official page)

University of Limpopo

BSc Geology

Science & Agriculture · 3 years

UL APS 26 points

  • English: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 5 (60% or more)

Raw-read 2026-10-04 from UL’s own 2027 Undergraduate Prospectus faculty tables (images of the table, since the PDF’s text layer cannot be read reliably). UL says meeting the minimum APS does not guarantee admission. No 2027 closing date appears in the prospectus - see the dates page.

Source: View the official page (ul.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

University of Pretoria

BSc Geology

Natural & Agricultural Sciences · 3 years

UP APS 34 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 5 (60% or more)

The UP tables group Chemistry, Physics, Geology and similar BSc streams together at this level. Most UP closing dates are 30 June; Veterinary Science closes 31 May. Grade 12 applicants apply with their final Grade 11 results.

Source: View the official page (drupalwebprod-files.up.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

BSc Environmental and Engineering Geology

Natural & Agricultural Sciences · 3 years

UP APS 34 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 5 (60% or more)

From the user-supplied Natural & Agricultural Sciences 2027 Faculty Yearbook. Most UP closing dates are 30 June; Veterinary Science closes 31 May. Grade 12 applicants apply with their final Grade 11 results.

Source: View the official page (drupalwebprod-files.up.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

University of the Free State

BSc (Geology majors: Geology, Environmental Geology, Geochemistry, Geology with Chemistry or Physics)

Natural & Agricultural Sciences · 3 years

UFS AP score 30 points out of 49

  • English: level 4 if it is your Home Language, level 4 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 5 (60% or more)

Read 2026-10-04 from the table on the faculty’s page in the UFS 2027 Undergraduate Prospectus (page images). Plan codes BC433521-BC433540.

Source: View the official page (ufs.ac.za) (opens the official page)

University of the Western Cape

BSc Applied Geology

Natural Sciences · 3 years

UWC weighted points 33 points out of 65

  • English: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Another language – Another language (Home or First Additional) at level 3.
  • Mathematics: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)

Raw-read 2026-10-04 from UWC’s own 2026 programme rules (the "Program Overview" PDF on the programme page, Calendar 2026). UWC points are its own weighted score (see the calculator note).

Source: View the official page (uwc.ac.za) (opens the official page)

University of the Witwatersrand

BSc Geological Sciences

Science · 3 years

Wits APS 42 points

  • English: level 5 if it is your Home Language, level 5 if it is your First Additional Language
  • Mathematics: level 6 (70% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 5 (60% or more)
  • NBT – All Faculty of Science applicants must write the NBT (registration deadline 31 October 2026).

Read from the live 2027 course-finder page on 2026-10-04. Applications close 30 September 2026.

Source: View the official page (wits.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

University of Venda

Not fully verified

Bachelor of Earth Sciences in Mining and Environmental Geology

Science, Engineering and Agriculture · 4 years

Univen APS 35

  • Mathematics: level 5 (60% or more)
  • Physical Sciences: level 4 (50% or more)
  • English: level 4 (50% or more)
  • Three more subjects – Level 4 in at least three of Agricultural Sciences, Accounting, Life Sciences, Economics and Geography.

Raw-read 2026-10-04 from Univen’s 2027 Undergraduate Prospectus (April 2026), faculty programme tables. The prospectus text for this row is ambiguous on which of Mathematics and Physical Sciences needs level 5 - check with Univen. Online applications are free and run 1 May - 30 September 2026.

Source: View the official page (univen.ac.za) (opens the official page) · 2027 intake

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